Re: Database fragmentation formula (was Re: Online DB Reorg)
2003-10-21 09:10:53
...
>Isn't this getting a little off the mark though? Last I checked, almost
>every database on the planet (yes even pervasive sql) when allocating
>pages/extents, left an amount of space unutilized at the end. In fact, if
>you do a "reorg" in SQL server, it specifically asks how much space you want
>to remain free in each page. Now why would you want that? So that when you
>add a row to a table with a clustered index (ie. A primary key, where the
>table is physically ordered the same as the index) the database does not
>have to add an extent at the end of the space to house the new row. This
>cuts down on logical fragmentation which is a far larger killer of databases
>than the fragmentation that these formulas show. By these formuls, every
>signle one of my SQL database is 25% fragmented (why, because every Sunday
>they do online reorgs to fix their logical fragmentation). Logical
>fragmentation turns large sequential reads into large random reads.
...
Indeed, Michael. Distributed free space is a good thing in a random-access
structure where inserts are performed. Some may believe that reorganization
of a database always packs its contents closely together, yielding excellent
adjacency and seek times. But the reload phase of a reorganization has to
proceed according to the architecture and algorithms under which the database
operates. In a B-tree type database, as the TSM db principally is, the
reload insertions may result in a lot of splits and half-occupied pages. As
customers have reported in ADSM-L postings, a reload may require twice as
much space as their original database size. (This is summarized under topic
"ADSM DATABASE STRUCTURE AND DUMPDB/LOADDB" in
http://people.bu.edu/rbs/ADSM.QuickFacts .)
It takes exceptional circumstance to justify doing such an unload-reload,
and then the effects are typically short-lived.
Richard Sims, BU
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